1. Peeking Iterator

// Below is the interface for Iterator, which is already defined for you.
// **DO NOT** modify the interface for Iterator.
class Iterator {
    struct Data;
    Data* data;
public:
    Iterator(const vector<int>& nums);
    Iterator(const Iterator& iter);
    virtual ~Iterator();
    // Returns the next element in the iteration.
    int next();
    // Returns true if the iteration has more elements.
    bool hasNext() const;
};


class PeekingIterator : public Iterator {
private:
    int nextNum;
    bool ifHasNext;
public:
    PeekingIterator(const vector<int>& nums) : Iterator(nums) {
        // Initialize any member here.
        // **DO NOT** save a copy of nums and manipulate it directly.
        // You should only use the Iterator interface methods.
        ifHasNext = Iterator::hasNext();
        if (ifHasNext) nextNum = Iterator::next();
    }

    // Returns the next element in the iteration without advancing the iterator.
    int peek() {
        return nextNum;
    }

    // hasNext() and next() should behave the same as in the Iterator interface.
    // Override them if needed.
    int next() {
        int tmp = nextNum;
        ifHasNext = Iterator::hasNext();
        if (ifHasNext) nextNum = Iterator::next();
        return tmp;
    }

    bool hasNext() const {
        return ifHasNext;
    }
};

class PeekingIterator : public Iterator
{
public:
    PeekingIterator(const vector<int> &nums) : Iterator(nums)
    {
    }

    int peek()
    {
        return Iterator(*this).next();
    }

    int next()
    {
        return Iterator::next();
    }

    bool hasNext() const
    {
        return Iterator::hasNext();
    }
};